第一是战略威慑能力的构建。核计划未必只是武器问题，更是谈判筹码与保险。在两伊战争时期，伊朗遭受伊拉克的化学武器打击，联合国的谴责姗姗来迟，国际社会也未能主持正义，这让德黑兰形成了一个深层共识：外部安全不能依赖国际体系，只能依赖自身的威慑能力。
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。关于这个话题，谷歌浏览器下载提供了深入分析
Ritter’s research shows that underpricing is de rigueur in IPOs, and on average, the shares jump 19% over what the chosen institutions paid by the end of the first trading day. “The ability to give their clients underpriced shares is worth a lot more than the 2% fees,” says Ritter. Were SpaceX to leap that average of 19% on day one, Wall Street’s customers would pocked a one-day, paper gain of $9.5 billion. The initial investors got their shares due to their status as the firms’ largest, commission-paying trading customers. In exchange for winning the super-cheat shares, says Ritter, they typically rebate about 30% of the one-day gain to the book runners who anointed them in future business. In SpaceX’s case, then, the two or three lead book runners would collect an extra nearly $3 billion (30% of the roughly $9.5 billion windfall). Let’s assume three lead underwriters. Each would garner a total as high as $120 million in fees, and another $1 billion courtesy of the super-discount pricing, for a total of almost $1.1 billion.
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